Stanford University - The Global Climate and Energy Project

GCEP Technical Report 2009

Research

2009 Technical Report

1. Introduction
1. Introduction
2. Research Activities - Progress Reports
2.1 Hydrogen Production, Distribution and Use
2.1.1 Introduction to Hydrogen Production, Distribution and Use
2.1.2 C-H Bonds in Carbon Nanotubes as an Energy Carrier
Anders Nilsson, Bruce Clemens and Hongjie Dai
2.2 Renewable Energy-Solar
2.2.1 Introduction to Renewable Energy-Solar
2.2.2 Self-sorting of Metallic Carbon Nanotubes for High Performance Large Area Low Cost Transparent Electrodes
Michael McGehee
2.2.3 Self-sorting of Metallic Carbon Nanotubes for High Performance Large Area Low Cost Transparent Electrodes
Zhenan Bao
2.2.4 Photo-electric Enhancement of Thermionic Emission
Nick Melosh and Zhi-Xun Shen
2.2.5 Ultra-High Efficiency Thermo-Photovoltaic Cells Using Metallic Photonic Crystals as Intermediate Absorber and Emitter
Shanhui Fan, Peter Peumans, and Paul Braun
2.2.6 Hot Carrier Solar Cell: Implementation of the Ultimate PV Converter
Gavin Conibeer, Martin Green, Antonio Marti, Antonio Luque, Jean-Francois Guillemoles, and Tim Schmidt
2.2.7 Molecular Solar Cells
Peter Peumans
2.2.8 Nanostructured Materials for High-Efficiency Thin Film Solar Cells
Alberto Salleo, Yi Cui, and Peter Peumans
2.2.9 Lateral Nanoconcentrator Nanowire Multijunction Photovoltaic Cells
H.-S. Philip Wong, Peter Peumans, Mark Brongersma, and Yoshi Nishi
2.2.10 Plasmonic Photovoltaics
Mark Brongersma, Harry Atwater, and Albert Polman
2.2.10 Plasmonic Photovoltaics
Harry Atwater
2.2.11 Artificial Photosynthesis: Membrane Supported Assemblies That Use Sunlight to Split Water
Nate Lewis, Harry Gray, and Harry Atwater
2.2.12 Advanced Materials and Devices for Low Cost and High Performance Organic Photovoltaic Cells
Zhenan Bao and Michael McGehee
2.3 Renewable Energy-Biomass
2.3.1 Introduction to Renewable Energy-Biomass
2.3.2 Assembly of a Lignin Modification Toolbox
Clint Chapple and Alan Friedman
2.3.3 Novel Mutants Optimized for Lignin, Growth and Biofuel Production via Re-Mutagenesis
Claire Halpin and Gordon Simpson
2.3.4 Efficient Biomass Conversion: Delineating the Best Lignin Monomer Substitutes
John Ralph, Xuejun Pan, and Sara Patterson
2.3.5 Towards New Degradable Lignin Types
Wout Boerjan
2.3.6 Biomass Energy: The Climate-Protective Domain
Christopher Field, Rosamond Lee Naylor, and Gregory Asner
2.3.7 Microbial Synthesis of Biodiesel
Chaitan Khosla
2.4 CO₂ Capture & Separation
2.4.1 Introduction to CO₂ Capture and Separation
2.4.2 Advanced CO₂/H₂ Separation and Storage Nano-Porous Materials Incorporating Active Functional Agents
Yuichi Fujioka, Shingo Kazama, and Katsunori Yogo
2.5 CO₂ Storage
2.5.1 Introduction to CO₂ Storage
2.5.2 Residual Trapping of Carbon Dioxide
Sally Benson
2.5.3 Geologic Storage of CO₂ in Coal Beds
Jerry Harris, Anthony Kovscek, Franklin Orr, and Mark Zoback
2.6 Advanced Combustion
2.6.1 Introduction to Advanced Combustion
2.6.2 Development of Low-Energy-Loss, High-Efficiency Chemical Engines
Christopher Edwards
2.7 Advanced Coal
2.7.1 Introduction to Advanced Coal
2.7.2 Coal Energy Conversion with Aquifer-Based Carbon Sequestration: An Approach to Electric Power Generation with Zero Matter Release to the Atmosphere
Reginald Mitchell
2.8 Advanced Materials and Catalysts
2.8.1 Introduction to Advanced Materials and Catalysts
2.8.2 The Electron Economy: Oxidation Catalysis for Energy Management
Robert Waymouth, Christopher Chidsey and Daniel Stack
2.8.3 Metal Oxide Nanotubes and Photo-Excitation Effects: New Approaches for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells to Enable Low GWG-Emission Transportation
Paul McIntyre
2.8.3 Metal Oxide Nanotubes and Photo-Excitation Effects: New Approaches for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells to Enable Low GWG-Emission Transportation
Shriram Ramanathan
2.8.4 Nanoscale Architectural Engineering for High-Performance Solid oxide Fuel Cells
David Goodwin and Sosina Haile
2.9 Advanced Transportation
2.9.1 Introduction to Advanced Transportation
2.9.2 Advanced Li-ion Batteries based on the use of renewable ORGanic electrodes (ALIBORG)
Jean-Marie Tarascon
2.9.3 A Quantum Leap Forward for Li-Ion Battery Cathodes
Josh Thomas
2.9.4 Nanowire Lithium-Ion Batteries as Electrochemical Energy Storage for Electric Vehicles
Yi Cui and Fritz Prinz
3. Scoping Research Activities
3.1 Introduction to Scoping Research Activities
3.2 Development of an Immobilized Enzyme System for Lignocellulosic Biomass Saccharification
Richard Zare
3.3 Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation to Dioxygen in Molecular PdII/IV Coordination Environment
Dmitry Yandulov
3.4 Geological Sequestration of CO₂ – An Exploratory Study of the Mechanisms and Kinetics of CO₂ Reaction with Mg-Silicates
Gordon Brown, Dennis K. Bird, Kate Maher and Wendy Mao
3.5 Multijunction Nanowire Solar Cells for Inexpensive and Highly Efficient Photoelectricity: Enabling Methods
Paul McIntyre
3.6 Nanostructured MoS₂ and WS₂ for the Solar Production of Hydrogen
Thomas Jaramillo
3.7 Spectroscopic Characterization of Multi-Exciton Generation Efficiency in Nano-Structured Materials
Kelly Gaffney, Yi Cui and Mike McGehee
4. Research Activities -- Final Reports
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Hydrogen Production, Distribution and Use
4.2.1 Direct Solar Biohydrogen: Part II
James Swartz
4.3 Renewable Energy-Solar
4.3.1 Inorganic Nanocomposite Solar Cells by Atomic Layer Deposition
Stacey Bent, James Harris, and Michael McGehee
4.3.2 Nanostructured Metal-Organic Solar Cells
Mark Brongersma, Peter Peumans, and Shanhui Fan
4.3.3 Nanostructured Silicon-Based Tandem Solar Cells
Martin Green and Gavin Conibeer
4.4 Renewable Energy-Biomass
4.4.1 Directed Evolution and Genomic Analysis of Novel Yeast Species for More Efficient Biomass Conversion.
Gavin Sherlock and Frank Rosenzweig
4.5 CO₂ Capture & Separation
4.5.1 Advanced Membrane Reactors in Energy Systems: A Carbon-Free Conversion of Fossil Fuels
Daan Jansen, Ruud van den Brink, Jan Wilco Dijkstra, Wim Haije, Joop Schoonman, and Cor Peters
4.5.2 Sub-Nano Structure Controlled Materials - Development of Innovative Gas Separation Membranes
Yuichi Fujioka
4.6 CO₂ Storage
4.6.1 A Numerical Simulation Framework for the Design, Management and Optimization of CO2 Sequestration in Subsurface Formations
Hamdi, Tchelepi, Louis Durlofsky, Khalid Aziz, and Patrick Jenny
4.7 Advanced Combustion
4.7.1 Optimization of the Molecular Structure of Low-Greenhouse-Gas- Emission Synthetic Oxygenated Fuels for Improved Combustion and Pollutant Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engines
Craig Bowman, David Golden, Ronald Hanson, Heinz Pitsch, and Ripudaman Malhotra
4.8 Advanced Materials and Catalysts
4.8.1 Efficient Interconversion of Chemical and Electrical Energy: Electrocatalysis with Discrete Transition Metal Complexes
Christopher Chidsey, Daniel Stack, and Robert Waymouth
4.9 Integrated Assessment of Technology Options
4.9.1 Technology Potential of Biofuels: Feasibility Study
Christopher Field and Rosamond Lee Naylor